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(140**) Dneska mám narozeniny! (instrumental case)

Ahooj, jak se máš? Dneska jsem trochu nemocná, trochu “nachcípaná”. Ale chci pro tebe nahrát tuto dnešní epizodu, protože máám narozeninyyyyy. Jupííí, dnes je mi přesne 30 let! 30, to je fakt moc krásné číslo, paradoxně se cítím mladší a mladší, jsem moc a moc šťastná, spokojená, veselá,… hahaha.

Dneska je 1. prosince 2019. A já mám narozeniny! Jupííí! Eliško, všechno nejlepší k narozeninám, hahaha. Jojo, dneska to je pravda, to není výmysl 🙂 Vím, že vypadám na 18, hahaha, ale letos mi je přesně 30. Netrpím depresí. Miluju toto číslo a mám pocit, že třicítka je ten nejlepší věk. Cítím se perfektně. Souhlasíš se mnou? Nebo se mnou nesouhlasíš?  A protože mám narozeniny a ráda dávám dárky – ano, popravdě raději dávám dárky než je dostávám – tak jsem tu s takovým malým gramatickým dárkem. Jsem tu s novou epizodou, která je plná instrumentálu, protože – jak víš – ráda se ve SlowCZECH zabývám gramatikouInstrumentál je můj oblíbený pád, protože je fakt jednoduchý. A jako dárek k narozeninám pro tebe dneska mám epizodu s instrumentálem. To je ale cool epizoda, že! No, jak používáme tento famózní pád – to si můžeš poslechnout na konci epizody. 

bday Eliska SlowCZECH

Tak, co myslíš? S kým budu slavit svoje narozeniny? Samozřejmě, že s přáteli, tedy s kamarádkami a kamarády. Určitě to bude s velmi dobrou kamarádkou Mashou, taky s Hermionou, s Dášou, s Pavlínou, se Zdeňkou, se Žanetou, s Monicou, s Andreou, s Dražanou, s Katkou, s Alënou, s Kashmirou, s Gabinou, s Julie, s Marií, s Jitkou, s Chiarou,… a s dalšími kamarádkami.

S kým ještě budu slavit svoje narozeniny? S moc dobrým kamarádem Josém, taky s Anisem, s Onurem, s Lahcenem, s Danielem a ještě s jedním Danielem, s Armandem, se Šimonem, s Matteem, s Markem, se Sandeepem, s Abdulem, se Stanislavem, s Alexem, s Radimem, s Janem, s Lukaszem, s Tomem… a s dalšími kamarády. 

A s kým ještě? Samozřejmě, že s rodinou! S mou milovanou maminkou, s mým milovaným tatínkem se uvidíme příští víkend. Moji rodiče bydlí 400 km od Brna, pod Krušnými horami. Když k nim jedu, jedu vlakem, autobusem nebo autem. Teď jsem minulý týden jela s bratrem jeho autem. Oproti vlaku to byla rychlovka! Vlakem trvá cesta přes pět hodin. Autem to je pod tři a půl hoďky. Občas taky jedu Regiojetem, to je místní žlutý bus se stewardkou, kde dostaneš kávu, noviny, na obrazovce před tebou se můžeš dívat na filmy a seriály, hrát hry nebo poslouchat rádio.

S bratrem a jeho manželkou a jeho malinkou dcerou se vidím častěji, protože bydlí taky v Brně jako já.

Mám moc ráda svoje narozeniny, protože jsou jen měsíc před Vánoci. Narozeniny mám začátkem měsíce a Vánoce jsou koncem měsíce. Takže mám už odmala hódně dárků, to se mi fakt líbí. Nejdřív jsem dostávala dárky k narozeninám a potom jsem našla hodně dárků pod vánočním stromečkem. To byl prostě luxus! Souhlasíš se mnou, že když jsi dítě, slavit Vánoce a mít narozeniny v ten stejný měsíc je fakt žúžo? Fakt paráda? Fakt cool? Taky máš narozeniny před Vánoci jako já? Nebo jindy? Řekni mi, kdy máš narozeniny?

***

We use instrumental very logicaly, unlike genitive that is used in so many situations… So instrumental is used, FIRSTLY, when we talk about using some instrument, in English, we use the “by or with” prepositions to express the instrumental case – ex.: I write with a pen (píšu tužkou), I send the photo by email (posílám fotku emailem), I go there by bus or by car (jedu tam autobusem nebo autem), I wash my hands “with the soap” (myju si ruce mýdlem)…

SECONDLY, we use this lovely and friendly case after few prepositions: S that is used with instrumental only. And MEZI, NAD, POD, PŘED, ZA that are used either with instrumental or with the accusative. S krásnou ženou, mezi dcerou a synem, nad stolem, pod stolem, před kinem, za domem. 

AND FINALLY, in few situations such as some specific verbs: ZABÝVÁM SE matematikou. TRPÍM alergií. JSEM ZNÁMÁ svou krásou. Nemoc SE PROJEVUJE únavou. If you wanna check the exhaustive list of when we use instrumental, go to the link that you will find in the transcript of this episode on www.slowczech.com

Exhaustive list – when we use the instrumental case

Eliška, SlowCZECH

    8 Comments

  1. Tony Gibbons
    01/12/2019
    Reply

    Hello Eliska.

    First of all, I hope you have a wonderful day for your 30th birthday celebration and thanks for another wonderful episode of SlowCzech.

    I’m a British guy living and working in Prague and discovered your website just a few months ago and find it amazing. Although I already speak several latin languages and can read Czech quite well, it has been the comprehension of spoken Czech which has proved incredibly difficult. This I put down to the frequent ř and ž sounds which are hard to differentiate, the lack of vowels compared to latin languages which makes pronunciation more ‘closed’ or ‘tight’, and also the fact that I work and socialise in English so I’m rarely in Czech-speaking situations.

    Anyhow, once again have a great day and thank you for such a wonderful website and for such carefully created, interesting and humourous recordings. It hasn’t been long that I found your site but even after only following 4-5 recordings I already notice improvement in my comprehension. I don’t know if it’s just a hobby or if it connects to your professional life but I also wish you all the best for it as it really is all excellently done.

    Tony

  2. User Avatar
    slowczech
    01/12/2019
    Reply

    Dear Tony,

    first of all, thank you very much for your message. I really appreciate your feedback and am truly happy that my project helps you to understand my beautiful language.

    SlowCZECH indeed is part of my job. But it does not bring me much financial compensation. I do it because I love it, I love creative work – audios, videos, photos, design, writing, playing with words, creating jokes,… However, when I can connect something I love doing to a domain that helps so many people, it is just a heaven for me!

    If you have any wish, any idea for next episode or just wanna let me know how your learning continues, I will be very happy to receive another message from yours.

    Take care,
    Uč se česky. Ať tě to hlavně baví!
    Krásný večer,
    Eliška 🙂

  3. Artashes
    02/12/2019
    Reply

    Milá Eliško,

    Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám! 🙂 To je pravda, že ‘od třicítky do čtyřicítky’ je nejkrásnější doba v životě.

    Užij si to!!

    Artashes z Arménie

  4. User Avatar
    slowczech
    15/12/2019
    Reply

    Milý Artashes,
    mockrát děkuji za tuto krásnou větu! Moc se mi líbí! Už ji mám napsanou na svojí kouzelné nástěnce, kam si píšu zajímavé věty, nápady a postřehy 🙂
    Krásný den Ti přeji,
    Eliška

  5. Sheldon Dantas
    12/08/2020
    Reply

    Dear Eliška,

    Thank you very much for one more interesting episode.

    I have a question, though, on instrumental case. Why you use instrumental case in sentences like the following one:

    – Kým se chceš stát?
    -Chci se stát doktorem.

    I don’t get the point.

    Thank you very much in advance.
    Sheldon Dantas

  6. User Avatar
    slowczech
    14/08/2020
    Reply

    Ahoj Sheldon,
    to je dobrá otázka 😉
    We use instrumental use for all the states that have changed or are temporary.
    He became president, he wanted to become engineer or the Sun become suddenly green :-))

    Chtěl by být inženýrem.
    Chtěla by být brzy letuškou.

    But if you say: Můj tatínek je dobrý člověk (and not “dobrým člověkem”) – its not temporary 😉 Or “Nil je řeka (and not “Nil je řekou”), it has always been like that and its not changing.

    Often you will hear:
    Když byl malý, chtěl být policistou.
    Když jsem byla malá, chtěla jsem být pianistkou.

    😉 I hope its clearer now!
    Eliška

  7. Sheldon Dantas
    22/08/2020
    Reply

    Ano, much better!

    Děkuju moc!!!
    Sheldon Dantas

  8. User Avatar
    slowczech
    24/08/2020
    Reply

    Rádo se stalo 🙂
    Eliška

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